【摘要】2019高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 常用80個重要句型導(dǎo)學(xué)案!更多高考信息可關(guān)注閩州教育高考資訊專欄。
高中常用80個重要句型
句型1 would rather that somebody did…“寧愿……；更愿意……”(表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼脑竿?
would rather that somebody had done…“寧愿……；更愿意……”（表示過去的愿望）
I’d rather you posted the letter right now. 我想讓你現(xiàn)在去寄信。
I’d rather you were not a celebrated actor. In that case, we could spend more time together.
我到情愿你不是個知名演員，這樣我們可以有更多的時間在一起。
I’d rather that I hadn’t seen her yesterday. 我情愿昨天沒有看到她。
句型2 as if/though+主語+did/had done…好像……（表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼那闆r用過去時；表示過去的情況用過去完成時）[參考句型4]
Our head teacher treats us as if we were her own children, so all the students in our class think highly of her.
Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there. Alan談起羅馬來就好像他去過那里似的。
句型3 “wish +賓語從句”，表示不大 可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望
表示現(xiàn)在的愿望：主語+過去時；表示過去的愿望：主語+had done；表示將來的愿望：主語+would/could do
How I wish we students had more free time to relax ourselves! 我們學(xué)生多么希望有更多的自由時間放松自己！
I failed in the maths exam. How I wish I hadn’t wasted so much time playing!
What a pity you can’t go to the party. How I wish I could dance with you at the party!
句型4 It’s high/about time that somebody did (should do) (should通常不省略) …早就該……
It’s time that you went to school.= It’s time that you should go to school.
It’s high time that we did something to improve our environment. 該是我們?yōu)榄h(huán)保做些事情了。
I think it’s high time that she made up her mind. 我想她該拿定主意了。
句型5情態(tài)動詞+動詞不定式完成結(jié)構(gòu)的用法
could have done “本來可以……”（表示過去沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能）。
might have done “本來可能……；本來應(yīng)該或可以做某事”（實(shí)際沒有發(fā)生；含有輕微的責(zé)備語氣。
should/ought to have done “本來該做某事”（而實(shí)際未做）
should not/ought not to have done “本來不該做”（實(shí)際卻做過了，含有責(zé)備語氣）
needn’t have done “本來不必做”（但是已經(jīng)做過了）
would rather have done “當(dāng)時寧愿做了某事”（實(shí)際沒有做過）；否定式would rather not have done表達(dá)相反意思，兩者都有表示“后悔”之意。
句型6 as, though, although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。
[注意]although位于句首；though位于句首或句中；as位于句中=though。它的詞序是把句中強(qiáng)調(diào)的形容詞、副詞、動詞或名詞放在連詞前。[參考倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)] 請注意下列句式的變化：
1. Although/Though I’m young, I already know what career I want to follow.→Young as/though I am, I already know what career I want to follow.我雖然年輕，但我已經(jīng)明白我應(yīng)該追隨什么樣的事業(yè)。
2. Although/Though I respect him very much, I cannot agree with his idea.
→Much as/though I respect him, I cannot agree with his idea. 雖然我很尊重他，但是我不同意他的觀點(diǎn)。
3. Although/Though he is a child, he knows a lot of Chinese characters.
→Child（省略冠詞）as/though he is, he knows a lot of Chinese characters. 他雖然還是個孩子，卻認(rèn)識了許多漢字。
4. Although he tried, he couldn’t solve the problem.
→Try as he might, he couldn’t solve the problem. 盡管他努力了，但是他沒有解決問題。
5. Although it is raining, I’m going out for a walk.
→Raining as it is, I’m going out for a walk. 天雖然在下雨，我還是要出去散步。
6. Strange as it may seem, nobody was injured in the accident. 這次意外雖然顯得不可思議，卻沒有人受傷。
7. Much as I would like to help, I have a lot to do. 雖然我很想幫助你，但是我有很多事要做。
8. Object as you may, I will go. 縱使你反對，我也要去。
句型7 …before…特殊用法（1）“沒來得及……就……”
The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.他還沒有來得及沖進(jìn)房間救孩子，房頂就塌了。
He ran off before I could stop him. 我還沒有來得及阻止，他已經(jīng)跑了。
To my great disappointment, my favorite singer left the concert before I could have a word with her.
讓我非常失望的是，我還沒有來得及和我最喜歡的歌手打招呼，她就已經(jīng)離開了。
句型8 …before…特殊用法（2）“過了多久才……”或“動作進(jìn)行到什么程度才……”
They walked about fifty miles to the west before they saw a village.他們西行50英里才看到一個村莊。
The workers worked day and night about three days before everything returned to normal.
工人們連續(xù)工作3天才使一切恢復(fù)正常。
He almost knocked me down before he knew it.他幾乎撞到我了才意識到。
We had walked a long way before we found some water. 我們走了很長的路才找到一點(diǎn)水。
Five years went by before I knew it. 不知不覺，五年過去了。
句型9 It was + 時間段+before….“過了多久才（怎么樣）……”
It was not long before….“不久，就……”
It will (not) be +時間段+before….“要過多久（不久）……才……”(before從句謂語動詞要用一般時態(tài))
It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.不久他就意識到他處境的危險(xiǎn)。
It was five days before he came back. 五天后他才回來。
It will be half a year before you graduate from the school. 再過半年你才能畢業(yè)。
It will not be long before they understand each other. 他們大概不久就會互相了解。
句型10 in case of…(+n.) “以防；萬一”；
in case that…“以防，萬一……”（謂語動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)或should+動詞原形）
In case of fire, what should we do?
Please remind me about it in case I forget/should forget. 萬一我忘了，請?zhí)嵝盐摇?/span>
In case (that) John comes/should come, please tell him to wait.
Please take your umbrella in case (that it rains/should rain).帶上雨傘，以防下雨。
句型11 It強(qiáng)調(diào)句型
強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本構(gòu)成：It is/was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分 + who（主要指人時）/that + 其余部分
[注意1]這種結(jié)構(gòu)可以強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的主語、賓語、狀語（包括時間，地點(diǎn)，方式，原因等），但是不能強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動詞（參考句型15）。
原句的謂語動詞如果是現(xiàn)在或?qū)頃r態(tài)，用It is…that/who….；
原句的謂語動詞如果是過去時態(tài)，用It was…that/who….；
強(qiáng)調(diào)時間、地點(diǎn)、原因或方式時不要用when, where或how, 必須用that。
I saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.
→It was I who saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.（強(qiáng)調(diào)主語）
→It was in the street that I saw him yesterday afternoon.（強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語）
→It was yesterday afternoon that I saw him in the street.（強(qiáng)調(diào)時間狀語）
→It was him that/who I saw in the street yesterday afternoon.（強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語）
He didn’t go to bed until his mother came back.
→It was not until his mother came back that he went to bed.
He didn’t do his homework until his father came back from work.
→It wasn’t until his father came back from work that he did his homework.
Only when you nearly lose someone do you fully realize how much you value him.
→It is only when you nearly lose someone that you fully realize how much you value him.
只有你快要失去某個人時，你才意識到你是多么尊重他。
I was late again because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hour.
→It was because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hour that I was late again.
（強(qiáng)調(diào)句中只能強(qiáng)調(diào)由because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句，because不能換成since, as, for, now that等）
[注意2]強(qiáng)調(diào)句的疑問結(jié)構(gòu) 一般疑問句 Is / Was it +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 +who / that …?
特殊疑問句 特殊疑問詞+is /was +it +who / that…?
What is/was it that…? Who is/was it that…? When is/was it that…?
Where is/was it that…? Why is/was it that…? How is/was it that…?
I saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.
→When was it that you saw him in the street?
→Who was it that you saw in the street yesterday afternoon?
→Where was it that you saw him yesterday afternoon?
I don’t know when he will come back.
→I don’t know when it is that he will come back.（賓語從句疑問詞后用陳述句語序）
–How was it that you got in touch with Mr. Smith? 你是怎么和Smith先生聯(lián)系上的？
–Trough a friend of mine. 通過一個朋友。
句型12 （1）、祈使句（表?xiàng)l件）+ or/or else/ otherwise + 主句（表結(jié)果）… “否則…，要不然…”
（2）、祈使句（表?xiàng)l件）+ and +主句（表結(jié)果）
Hurry up, or you’ll be late for class.
Please call me up before you come, otherwise/or else/or we might be out.你來之前打個電話，否則，我們也許會出去。
Think it over and you will find the answer.
Give him an inch and he will take a mile. 得寸進(jìn)尺。
Work hard and you will make progress every day. 好好學(xué)習(xí)，天天向上。
句型13 …until….“直到……時候”；not…until…“直到……才……”
You are to stay until/till your mother comes back. 你得等到你媽媽回來。
The meeting was put off until ten o’clock. 會議推遲到十點(diǎn)鐘。
The villagers didn’t realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river.
→Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.（倒裝句）
等到湖里的魚全死光了，村民們才意識到污染是多么嚴(yán)重。
He didn’t go to bed until his mother came back.
→It was not until his mother came back that he went to bed.（強(qiáng)調(diào)句）
Not until he failed in the exam did he realize that he had wasted much time playing computer games.
Not until his son came back from school did he go to bed.
句型14 unless…“除非，如果不……”(=if…not)
I shall go tomorrow unless it rains. 如果不下雨，我明天去。
–Shall Tom go and play football?
–Not unless he has finished his homework. 除非他完成作業(yè)，否則不能出去。
I won’t go unless he comes to invite me himself. 除非他本人來邀請我，不然我是不會去的。
I won’t attend his birthday party unless invited (=unless I am invited). 除非被邀請，否則我不去參加的生日晚會。
句型15 when引導(dǎo)的從句
when除了用來引導(dǎo)主語從句、賓語從句、時間狀語從句、表語從句和定語從句，還有一種用法值得關(guān)注，那就是when引導(dǎo)并列分句，意思是“這時突然；就在那時”，強(qiáng)調(diào)另一個動作的突然發(fā)生。常用于以下句型中：（1）、主語 + be doing… when…意思是“正在做某事這時……”；（2）、主語 + be about to do…when…；（3）、主語+be on the point of (doing) …when…意思是“正要去做某事這時……”
One day Chuck was on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashed. 有一天，Chuck正在太平洋上飛行，這時他的飛機(jī)突然爆炸了。
I don’t know when he will arrive. 我不曉得他什么時候到達(dá)。
I thought of the happy days when I was in Beijing. 我想起了在北京時的那段快樂日子。
I believe the time will soon come when there will be no weapons in the world.
我相信世界上沒有武器的日子不久就會到來。
I was walking along the river when I heard a drowning boy cry for help.
我正在河邊行走，這時我突然聽到一個落水男孩求救。
I was about to leave when it began to rain. 我剛要離開，這時下雨了。
I had just finished my exam paper when the bell rang, announcing the class was over. 我剛做完作業(yè)，下課鈴響了。
I thought of the happy days when I was in France. 我想到了在法國時那段快樂日子。
I believe the time will soon come when there will be no weapons in the world. 我相信世界上沒有武器的日子不久就會來臨。
[比較] I was walking along the streets. Just at the moment I caught sight of a tailor’s shop.
我在街上走。就在那時我看見一家裁縫店。
I was walking along the street when I caught sight of a tailor’s shop. 我正在街上走，這時我看見一家裁縫店。
句型16 while引導(dǎo)的從句
while除了有“當(dāng)/在……時候”的意思外（注意：引導(dǎo)的句子謂語動詞只能是延續(xù)性動詞�。硗獾膬蓪右馑家彩强疾榈闹攸c(diǎn)：（1）while = although “盡管”、“雖然”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；（2）while的意思是“然而；可是”，常用來表達(dá)對比關(guān)系。
While I admit that the problem is difficult, I don’t think that they can’t be solved.
盡管我承認(rèn)這個問題很難，但是我并不認(rèn)為無法解決。
While I admit his good points, I can see his shortcomings. 雖然我承認(rèn)他的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，我也能看出他的缺點(diǎn)。
While I was angry with her, I didn’t lose my temper. 雖然我很生氣，但我當(dāng)時沒有對她發(fā)脾氣。
While I understand your viewpoint, I don’t agree with you. 雖然我了解你的見解， 我還是不能同意（你）。
I earn only 120 dollars a week, while she earns 180 dollars. 我一星期只賺120美元，她卻賺180美元。
句型17 where…（地點(diǎn)從句）
[注意]where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)從句時，可以引導(dǎo)定語從句或是邏輯地點(diǎn)狀語從句。當(dāng)它在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，指代地點(diǎn)時，這時可以用in which, on which, at which, to which, from which等結(jié)構(gòu)代替。但是它引導(dǎo)邏輯地點(diǎn)狀語從句時，沒有這樣用法。
You should put the book where it was. 把書放回原處。
Persistent people begin their success where others end in failure. 不屈不撓者從他人失敗的地方獲取成功。
Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。
Where men are greedy, there is never peace. 人類貪欲不止，世界和平無望。
Go where you should, keep on studying. 無論你到哪里，你都應(yīng)該繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)。
That is the building where my father works. 那是我父親工作的大樓。
Yesterday I went to the department store, where I met my teacher. 昨天我去百貨公司，就在那兒遇見了我的老師。
That’s where a change is needed. 那就是需要變更的地方。
We could see the runners very well from where we stood. 從我們所站的地方能很清楚地看到賽跑的選手。
You should let your children play where you can see them. 你應(yīng)該讓小孩在你的視線所及的地方玩耍。
Potatoes can be grown in places where it is too cold to grow rice.=Potatoes can be grown in places where it is too cold to grow rice.（本句where引導(dǎo)定語從句）有些地方太冷不能種水稻，但可以種馬鈴薯。
Potatoes can be grown where it is too cold to grow rice.（本句where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句）
句型18 what引導(dǎo)的從句
what在英語中非�；钴S,它可以用來引導(dǎo)主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句，但是不用來引導(dǎo)定語從句。在句子里可以充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語、定語，既可以指人，也可以指物。
What is the population of the world? 世界的人口有多少？
What did you pay for this picture? 這幅畫你付了多少錢？
What is most important in life isn’t money. 人生最重要的并非是金錢。
Will you show me what you bought? 可以把你所買的東西給我看一下嗎？
Mary is no longer what she was ten years ago. Mary已經(jīng)不是10年前的她了。
句型19 as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句
在as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句中，連接代詞as在句子中可以作主語、賓語或表語等，可以指人或物。其在定語從句中的位置比較靈活，即可以在句子前面，在句子中間或句子末尾。常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有：as we all know; as is well known to…; as is often the case; as is said/mentioned above; as has been said before; as I told you before; as is evident; as often happens; as can be seen; as is/was expected; as we expect; as I can remember等。
[注意1]as通常只指整個句子的內(nèi)容，不表示部分內(nèi)容。
[注意2]as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句通常指“事先可以預(yù)料到的”“料想到的”，表達(dá)“好”的方面。
[注意3]as引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句時，常構(gòu)成the same…as…; such…as…; so/as …as…等結(jié)構(gòu)。在從句中既可以指人、物，也可以指整個句子。
This is also part of your work, as I told you before. 我曾告訴過你，這也是你工作的一部分。
The man was a teacher, as was evident from his way of speaking. 從那人說話的樣子可明顯看出，他是個老師。
Such ideas as he hits on are worthless. 像他那樣偶然想起的主意是無用的。
It’s the same story as I heard from her yesterday. 這故事跟我從她那兒聽到的相同。
He will marry as pretty a girl as he can find. 他要盡可能找漂亮的女孩結(jié)婚。
Such people as have made great contributions to the world should be greatly respected.
那些對世界做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)的人們應(yīng)該受到極大的尊重。
句型20 which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句（也引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句）
which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句既可以指整個句子內(nèi)容，也可以指句子的部分內(nèi)容（如單詞或詞組等），在句子中可以作主語、賓語（動詞或介詞的）、定語等。注意它在句子中的位置：只能放在主句后，不能放在主句前。表達(dá)的內(nèi)容是“不好的”、“事先沒有預(yù)料到的”等時，常用which，只指物。
Yellowstone National Park, which is in Wyoming, is one of the most beautiful national parks in the world. 黃石國家公園位于懷俄明州，是世界上最美麗的國家公園之一。
The clock, which my grandfather bought, is still in good order. 這時鐘是我祖父買的，現(xiàn)在還走時很準(zhǔn)。
The picture, for which he paid an enormous amount of money, was a forgery. 那幅畫他花了一大筆錢購買，卻是幅贗品。
She changed her mind again, which made us all angry. 她又改變了主意，這使我們大家都生氣了。
I lived three years in Paris, during which time I learned French. 我在巴黎住了三年，在那期間我學(xué)了法語。
The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect. 天氣結(jié)果轉(zhuǎn)晴，這是我們沒有預(yù)料到的。
句型21
（1）、疑問詞+ever whatever, whoever, whichever, whenever,
wherever, however用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，相當(dāng)于no matter和what, who, which, when, where, how連用。
Whatever (=No matter what) may happen, we shall not lose hope.無論發(fā)生什么事，我們都不能失去希望。
Whatever reasons you (may) have, you should carry out a promise. 無論你有什么理由，你都應(yīng)該遵守諾言。
Whoever (=No matter who) comes, he will be warmly welcome. 無論誰來，都會受到熱烈歡迎。
Whenever (=No matter when) it happened, it was certainly not yesterday. 此事無論發(fā)生在何時，但絕不是昨天。
Whenever you (may) call, you will find her sitting by the window. 無論什么時候你去找她，你都會看到她坐在窗邊。
Wherever (=No matter where) he went, he made friends with people.
Whichever (=No matter which) of them you many choose, the quality will be the same.
他們當(dāng)中不論你選哪一個，品質(zhì)都一樣。
However (=No matter how) hard I have tried, I can’t find the answer.
（2）、whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever等引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，這時不能用no matter+疑問詞替換。
Take whichever you want. 你要哪個就拿哪個。
We will do whatever we can to help him out. 我們要盡力幫助他擺脫困境。
I’ll show you whatever you want to see. 你想看什么我就給你看什么。
Whoever did this job must be rewarded. 無論誰做這件事都要得到報(bào)酬。
Whoever walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold. 任何人在這種大雨中行走都會患感冒。
You may invite whomever（口語中常用whoever代替）you like to the party. 你可以邀請你喜歡的人來參加晚會。
Take whatever magazines you want to read. 你可以取閱任何你想讀的雜志。
句型22全倒裝句型（一）
here, there, out, in, up, down, now, then, away等副詞放在句首，句子需要全部倒裝
There goes the bell! = The bell is ringing. 鈴響了！
Here comes the bus. =The bus is coming. 汽車來了。
Now comes your turn to make a short speech. 該輪到你發(fā)言了。
Away went the thief when he saw the police.
Then came the hour we had been looking forward to. 我們期盼的時候到了。
[注意]（1）在這種情況下倒裝僅限于不及物動詞或be動詞，像go, come, rush, live, stand, lie等。
（2）主語是人稱代詞時不要倒裝。如：Away he went. 他走遠(yuǎn)了。
句型23全倒裝句型（二） 表示方位的狀語放在句首，句子全倒裝；謂語動詞多為be, lie, stand, sit, come, walk, run, stop etc. 不及物動詞。
On a hill in front of them stands a great castle. 在他們面前的山上矗立著一座巨大的城堡。
In front of the house stopped a police car. 房子的全面停著一輛警車。
Around the corner walks a young policeman. 拐角處有個年輕的警察在行走。
Under the tree sat a boy of about ten. 在樹下坐著一個大約10歲的男孩。
句型24全倒裝句型（三） （表語）adj. / v-ing / v-ed +（地點(diǎn)狀語）+ be（或其他動詞形式）…
So adj./adv…that…如此……以至于……(so引導(dǎo)的句子倒裝，而that引導(dǎo)的句子不倒裝！) (這種結(jié)構(gòu)是半倒裝句。)
Present at the meeting were the manager, all the designers and the writer. 出席會議的有經(jīng)理，設(shè)計(jì)師和詞作者。
Fastened to the pole is the National flag. 旗桿上有一面國旗。
Hidden behind the door were some naughty children. 有幾個頑皮的孩子藏在門后面。
Sitting at the back of the classroom were several old teachers, listening attentively to the new teacher.
坐在教室后面的是幾位老教師，他們在認(rèn)真地聽新教師的課。
Gone are the days when farmers lived in the poor houses. 農(nóng)民住在破舊房子里的日子過去了。
Typical for China is the crosstalk show, where a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play.
相聲是中國典型的喜劇，兩個演員通過玩弄詞藻來逗樂觀眾。
So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood.
他說英語非常清晰，別人都能聽懂他的話。
So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光運(yùn)行非�？�，我們幾乎無法想象它的速度。
句型25 半倒裝句（一）
否定意義的副詞或短語放在句首，句子半倒裝。這樣的副詞主要有：little, seldom, hardly, rarely, scarcely, never, not at all, by no means（決不）, at no time（在任何時候都不），nowhere, in no case (無論如何都不)；not in the least (=not at all) , on no condition（決不） 等。
Never shall I forget you.
At no time was the man aware of what was happening. 那個人根本沒有注意到發(fā)生的情況。
Little did I understand what he said to me at that time. 我那時幾乎沒有明白他給我說的話。
It’s beyond description. Nowhere else in the world can there be such a quiet, beautiful place.
那真是用語言難以形容。世界上沒有其他地方會有這么安靜、美麗的地方了。
Not a single mistake did he make in the exam. 他在考試中沒有犯一個錯誤。
By no means are these works of art satisfactory. 這些藝術(shù)品根本不能令人滿意。
On no condition should you visit that place. 你決不能去那個地方。
句型26 半倒裝句（二）
not only…, but also…（前一分句倒裝，后一分句不倒裝）
Not only was everything he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship was taken away.
不僅他擁有的一切被那走了，就連他的德國國籍也被取消了。
They suggested not only should we attend the party but also give a performance. 他們建議我們不僅要參加晚會，還要進(jìn)行表演。
Not only should we students study hard, we also should know how to enjoy ourselves in our spare time. 我們學(xué)生不僅要學(xué)習(xí)好，還應(yīng)該知道在課余時間怎樣享受生活。
句型27半倒裝句（三） neither, nor放在句首
If you don’t go to see the movie, neither will I. 如果你不去看電影，我也不去。
--Why didn’t you buy the jacket?
--Neither was the price satisfactory, nor did the color agree with me. 價(jià)格不能令人滿意，顏色也不太適合我。
I don’t like him, nor do I care about him. 我不喜歡他，也不關(guān)心他。
句型28 半倒裝句（四） “only + 狀語”放在句首，句子半倒裝
Only when the war was over did he return to work. 直到戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束他才回去工作。
Only after you have reached eighteen can you join the army. 你只有到了18歲才能參軍。
Only in that way will we be ready for the challenges and opportunities in life.
只有這樣，我們對生活中的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)才會有充分的準(zhǔn)備。
Only by changing the way we live will we be able to save the earth. 只有改變生活方式，我們才能拯救地球。
[注意]這種結(jié)構(gòu)的倒裝只在only引導(dǎo)狀語的時候使用，only引導(dǎo)主語的時候不用倒裝。
Only in this way can you work out the problem. 你只有用這種方法才能做出題目。
Only this way can help you work out the problem. 只有這種方法才能幫你做出題目。
句型29 半倒裝句（五） so + be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞等 + 主語 “……也……”（表示肯定意思）
neither/nor +動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞等 + 主語 “……也……”（表示否定意思）
She is interested in the story, so am I.
He enjoys playing the guitar, so do I.
I saw the film last night, so did he.
In the past 20 years, our society has changed a lot, so have our eating habits.
近20年來。我們的社會發(fā)生了很大的變化，我們的飲食習(xí)慣也變了。
Tom didn’t attend the meeting last night; nor did Mary. Tom沒來參加昨晚的會議，Mary也沒來。
I have never been abroad. Neither/Nor has Tom.
[比較1] “so + 主語 + 助動詞” 表示肯定已有的觀點(diǎn)或事實(shí)
–We have all worked hard these days. –So we have.（的確如此）
I promised to help him, and so I did.（我確實(shí)幫助他了）
[比較2] “主語 + 助動詞 + so” 表示按照別人的要求去做
The wounded little boy asked me to lift him up and I did so.
The doctor asked Charlie to breathe deeply and he did so.
句型30 so it is with somebody = it’s the same with somebody前者怎么樣，后者也怎么樣
[注意]前面既有否定句又有肯定句，或有多個謂語動詞或助動詞難以選擇時，用此句型。
John likes English but he doesn’t like maths, so it is with me (so it is the same with me).
Tom is a student and he studies hard, so it is with me.
–He was really manly enough to be responsible for what he had done. 他像個男子漢，敢于對自己的所作所為負(fù)責(zé)。
–So he was, and so it was with you. 他的確如此，你當(dāng)時也一樣。
虛擬語氣
句型31 （從句）If + were/did（動詞的過去式），（主句）主語 + would/might/should/could + do（表示對現(xiàn)在情況的假設(shè)）
If I were you, I would not be so proud. 如果我是你，我不會如此自負(fù)。
I don’t have a cellphone. If I had one, it would be convenient for me to get in touch with others.
If I were in your position, I would think better of it. 如果我處在你的位置，我會好好考慮它。
句型32 （從句）If + had done, （主句）主語+ would/might/should/could +have done（表示對過去或已經(jīng)發(fā)生事情的虛擬假設(shè)）
What a pity it is that you didn’t attend the concert yesterday! If you had attended the concert, you would have seen the famous singer. 真遺憾昨天你沒有去聽音樂會。如果你去了，就能見到那位著名歌手。
Anyone in his position would have done the same.
=If anyone had been in his position, he would have done the same. 任何處在他位置的人都會這樣做的。
句型33 （從句）If + were/did（動詞過去式）/were to do/should do，（主句）主語+ would/might/should/could + do（表示對將來的假設(shè)）
If he should refuse (= If he were to refuse=If he refused), it didn’t matter at all. 萬一他拒絕了，那也沒關(guān)系。
If you shouldn’t pass the college entrance examination, what would you do? 萬一高考不中，你該怎么辦？
句型34虛擬語氣條件句的倒裝 在虛擬條件句中，如果出現(xiàn)有were, had, should，可以省去if, 把這些詞放在句子前面，構(gòu)成虛擬倒裝句。
[例句]
Should he act like that again, he would be fined. 如果他還這樣做，就要受罰。
Had the doctor come in time last night (=If the doctor had come in time last time), the boy would have been saved. 昨天晚上要是醫(yī)生及時到達(dá)，小孩就會得救。
Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.
Had I enough money (= If I had enough money), I would buy a larger house.
句型35 if only引起的感嘆句，相當(dāng)于 “How I wish + 賓語從句”，意思是“但愿……；要是……就好了”
If only he could come! 他要是能來就好了！
If only we students didn’t have so much homework！要是沒有這么多的作業(yè)該多好！
If only I hadn’t been so careless in the exam! 我當(dāng)時沒有那么粗心就好了！
句型36 if it were not for… (= were it not for…)
if it hadn’t been for… (= had it not been for…)“要不是因?yàn)橛小蝗绻皇恰?/span>
[注意]這種結(jié)構(gòu)中不能用否定結(jié)構(gòu)的縮寫形式，即不能用weren’t it for…）
If it hadn’t been for (= Had it not been for) the determined captain, all the passengers on board wouldn’t have been saved. 要不是船長一直堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，船上的旅客就不會得救。
If it were not for your rich parents, you couldn’t live so easy a life. 要不是你父母有錢，你的生活不會如此安逸。
If it were not for the expense, I would go abroad now. 如果不是因?yàn)榻?jīng)費(fèi)問題，我現(xiàn)在就出國了。
句型37 “but for + 名詞”和“but that +從句”，意思是“倘若不是；要不是”，接虛擬語氣
But for air and water, nothing could live. (= If there were no air or water, nothing could live.)
如果沒有空氣和水，什么東西都難以生存。
But for the storm, we should have arrived earlier.
= If it hadn’t been for the storm, we should have arrived earlier. 如果不是暴風(fēng)雨，我們早就到了。
But for you, we couldn’t have carried out the plan. 要不是你的話，我們無法實(shí)施那項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。
She could not have believed it but that she saw it. 若非親眼所見，她是不會相信的。
句型38 在動詞insist（1堅(jiān)持做某事），order, command（2命令）, advise, suggest, propose（3建議做某事），demand, require, request, ask（4要求）等表示建議、命令、要求的名詞性從句中謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣。基本句型：主語+ (should) + 動詞原形。另外像decide, desire, intend, recommend等也要接(should)+動詞原形結(jié)構(gòu)。
Mother insists that Tom (should) go to bed at nine o’clock.（賓語從句）
We suggested that the meeting (should) be held at once.
It was required that the crops (should) be harvested at once.（主語從句）
The suggestion that he (should) be invited was rejected.（同位語從句）
That is their demand that their wages (should) be increased.（表語從句）
[注意1] advice, suggestion, order, demand, proposal, request, desire, command, decision, requirement等名詞引導(dǎo)的同位語從句或表語從句，謂語動詞用 (should) + 動詞原形。
[注意2] It’s suggested/ advised/ demanded/ordered/requested/proposed/required/desired等結(jié)構(gòu)后的主語從句中，謂語動詞用(should) + 動詞原形。
[注意3]suggest意思是“表明，暗示；說明”時；insist意思是“堅(jiān)持觀點(diǎn)，堅(jiān)持看法”時，句子不能用虛擬語氣。
He insisted that he was innocent.=He insisted on his innocence. 他堅(jiān)持說自己是無辜的。
He insisted that he had never done wrong. 他堅(jiān)持說沒有做錯事情。
Are you suggesting that I’m not suited for the job? 你是在暗示說我不適合做那項(xiàng)工作？
The look on his face suggested that the teacher was quite satisfied with the result. 臉上的表情說明老師對結(jié)果感到滿意。
句型39
It is necessary/important/natural/impossible/essential（基本的）等結(jié)構(gòu)后的主語從句中要用虛擬語氣，即主語+(should)+動詞原形
It’s necessary that Tom take the exam first. Tom有必要先參加考試。
With the society developing very fast, it’s quite necessary/important that we (should) have a good knowledge of English and computer. 隨著社會的快速發(fā)展，我們有必要精通英語和電腦。
句型40 It’s strange/surprising/a pity/a shame/a surprise (that) … should do…should表示“竟然”
It’s a pity that she should miss the chance. 很遺憾她錯過了機(jī)會。
It’s really surprising that a prophecy（預(yù)言）should coincide with the fact so exactly. 令人驚訝的是，預(yù)言和事實(shí)竟然如此巧合。
It’s strange that he shouldn’t pass the exam. 奇怪的是他竟然沒有通過考試。
句型41 prefer
(1) prefer to do sth 例：I prefer to stay at home. 我寧愿呆在家里。
(2) prefer doing sth 例：I prefer playing in defence. 我喜歡打防守。
(3) prefer sb to do sth 例：Would you prefer me to stay? 你愿意我留下來嗎？
(4) prefer to do sth rather than do sth ……寧愿…...而不愿.…".
例句：I prefer to stay at home rather than go out 我寧愿呆在家里而不愿出去.
(5) prefer doing sth to doing sth 例：I prefer watching football to playing it. 我喜歡看籃球，不喜歡打籃球。
(6) prefer sth to sth
例：I prefer tea to coffee. 我要茶不要咖啡。
句型42 seem
(1) It +seems + that從句 例：It seemed that everyone was satisfied. 看來好像每個人都很滿意。
(2) It seems to sb that --- 例：It seems to me that she is right. 我看她是對的，
(3) There seems to be ---- 例：There seems to be a heavy rain. 看上去要有一場大雨。
(4) It seems as if ---- 例：It seemed that she couldn"t come to class.看樣子她不能來上課了。
句型43 表示“相差……；增加了……；增加到……”句型：
(1) She is taller than I by three inches. 她比我高三英寸
(2) There is one year between us. 我們之間相差一歲。
(3) She is three years old than I 她比我大三歲。
(4) They have increased the price by 50%. 他們把價(jià)格上漲了50%
句型44 too句型：
(1) too．．．to do sth． 例：Politics is too important to be left to the politicians．（＝Politics is so important that
it can"t be left to the politicians．） 政治太重要了，不能由政治家來決定。
(2) only too --- to do sth 例：I shall be only too pleased to get home. 我要回到家里就非常高興。
(3) too + adj + for sth 例：These shoes are much too small for me. 我穿這雙鞋太小了。
(4) too + adj + a + n. 例：This is too difficult a text for me. 這篇課文對我來說太難了。
(5) can"t … too +形容詞 無論……也不為過 例：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our
eyes too much. 我們再怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)保護(hù)眼睛的重要性也不為過。
句型45 before 句型：
(1) before sb can/ could … 某人還沒來得及……
例：Before I could get in a word ，he had measured me．我還沒來得及插話，他就給我量好了尺寸
(2) It will be +時間+ before + 還有多長時間……
例：It will be 4 years before he graduates. 他還有四年時間變畢業(yè)了。
(3) had done some time before （才……）
例：We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.我們航行了四天四夜才見到陸地。
(4) had not done --- before --- 不到……就……例：We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.
我們還沒走到一英里路就覺得累了。
(5) It was not +一段時間+ before 不多久就……例：It wasn’t two years before he left the country.
還沒到兩年他們離開了那國家。
句型46 用于表示過去未實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望和計(jì)劃的句型：
(1) should like to/ would like to/ would love to have done sth.
例：You should like to have written to your mother. 你本應(yīng)當(dāng)給你母親寫信。
(2) was / were going to do sth.（用過去將來時態(tài)表示原打算做什么）
例：Lucy was going to watch a basketball match.Lucy 原打算看一場籃球比賽。
(3) was / were going to have done sth. 表示未完成原來的計(jì)劃和安排
例：Lily was going to have cleaned her bedroom, but she had no time. Lily 原打算清理她的臥室，但她沒時間。
(4) expect, intend, hope, mean, plan, promise, suppose, think, want, wish ．．．
常用過去完成時態(tài),在這些詞后接賓語從句或者接不定式的一般形式； 或者用一般過去時態(tài)后面接不
定式的完成形式表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望
例：She had supposed him to be very rich. 她原以為他很有錢。
(5) wish that …h(huán)ad done sth.表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望．
例：I wish he had been here yesterday. 要是他昨天在這兒就好了。
(6) 情態(tài)動詞should ,would, could, might, ought to等后接不定式的完成時，表示過去本該做，打算做，想
做而未做的事情．
should have done =ought to have done 本應(yīng)該做而沒做
would have done = 本來就會去做某事而沒做
could have done = 本可以做某事而沒做
might have done 本可以做而沒做 例：They ought to have apologized. 他們本該道歉的。
句型47 倍數(shù)句型：
(1)倍數(shù)＋比較級＋than．．．， 例：The room is twice larger than that one．這個房間是那個房間的兩倍大。
There is 30 times greater chance of being hit by lightening than being attacked by a shark.
(2)倍數(shù)＋as＋原級＋as．．．，
例：The room is three times as large as that one．這個房間是那個房間的三倍。
(3)倍數(shù)＋the size ／height／length ／weight ／width of．．．
例：The room is three times the size of that one．這個房間是那個房間的3倍大。
句型48 比較句型：
(1)原級比較：例：English is not so difficult a subject as Russia. 英語不是和像俄語一樣難的科目。
Their bones are not as thick as adults’.他們的骨頭和成年人的不一樣厚。
(2)一方超過另一方：
例：The weather of this year is a lot hotter than that of last year.今年的氣候比上一年的氣候要熱得多。
(3)一方不如另一方： 例：The restoration was so bad that it made some of the buildings less secure than they had been before. 修復(fù)工作是如此的糟，以致于它使得一些建筑沒有以前安全了。
(4) The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~
The + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more + Adj + S + V ~~~（愈...愈...）
例：The harder you work, the more progress you make. 你愈努力，你愈進(jìn)步。
The more books we read, the more learned we become. 我們書讀愈多，我們愈有學(xué)問。
(5) more…. than…與其說…倒不如說
例：Smith is more diligent than intelligent. 與其說Smith聰明倒不如說他勤奮。
(6) no +形容詞比較級+ than = as +形容詞的反義詞+ as
例：I am no better at English than you. 我的英語不比你好。
(7) that 在前后比較中代替不可數(shù)名詞和特指的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞
例：The traditional picture of St Nicholas is quite different from that of Father Christmas.
(8) one 在前后比較中代替泛指的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。
例：I prefer a flat in Beijing to one in Nanjing, because I want to live near my Mom"s. 與南京相比我更喜
歡在北京有一套公寓，因?yàn)槲蚁敫覌寢屪∫黄稹?/span>
(9) those 在前后比較中代替 特指的復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。
例：Salaries are higher here than those in my country.這兒的工資比我們國家的高。
(10) ones 在前后比較中代替泛指的復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞
例：Cars do cause us some health problems --- in fact far more serious ones
than mobile phones do.汽車確實(shí)給我們的身體健康帶來問題，事實(shí)上比手機(jī)造成的問題更嚴(yán)重。
句型49 感嘆句型：
(1) What a + Adj + N + S + V!
例：What an important thing it is to keep our promise! 信守我們的諾言是多么的重要啊！
(2) How + Adj + a + N + V!（多么...�。�
例：How important a thing it is to keep our promise! 遵守諾言是多么重要的事！
(3) How + S + V! 例句：How I want to go to Beijing. 我多么想去北京�。�
句型50 表法猜測的句型：
(1) must have done sth 一定做過某事 否定形式：can"t have done
例：She must have come here last night. 她一定是昨晚來的。She can"t have gone there 她不可能到那兒去。
(2) may have done sth 可能做過某事 否定形式：may not have done
例：Philip may have been hurt seriously in the car accident.Philip 可能在這次車禍中傷得很嚴(yán)重。
(3) might have done sth 或許做過某事 否定形式: might not have done
例：She might have known what the bottle contained.她或許知道這個瓶子里裝的是什么。
(4) should have done sth 估計(jì)已經(jīng)做了某事
否定形式：should not have done
例：She should have arrived in her office by now.她此刻估計(jì)已經(jīng)到達(dá)辦公室了。
句型51 動詞不定式常用句型：
(1) It takes / took / will take sb. some time / money to do sth.某人花/花了/將花多長時間/多少錢做某事.
It took me years of hard work to speak good English.為了講一口流利的英語,我花了多年時間刻苦操練.
(2) It is + adj +for/of sb to do sth
Lincoln said that it was not right for the South to break away from the Union. 林肯說南方脫離聯(lián)邦是不對的。
It was careless of Tom to break the cup.
(3) Sb. have / has / had no choice but to do... 某人除了做……別無選擇.
例句：We had no choice but to take a taxi for we"d missed the last bus.由于錯過了最后一班公共汽車,除了
乘坐的士,我們別無選擇.
(4) It"s not /just like sb. to do sth.……的行為不/正像某人的一貫作風(fēng).
例：lt"s not like Jim to be late for class. He regards time as the most important thing in life.
上課遲到不像吉姆的一貫作風(fēng),他把時間看作是生命中最重要的.
(5) ．．．．形容詞／副詞＋enough to do sth．
例：I was fortunate enough to travel to South Africa.．
(6) It pays to + V ~~~ （...是值得的。）
例句：It pays to help others. 幫助別人是值得的�！ �
(7) It cost sb some time/money to do sth
例：It must cost a good deal to live here.住這兒一定會花很多錢的。
(8) do all he could to do sth do what he could to do sth do everything he could to do sth
例：They were doing everything they could to help the fatherland.他們在盡最大努力去幫助祖國。
(9) It is hard to imagine/ say … 很難想象/說……
例：It is hard to imagine how Edison managed to work twenty hours each day. 很難想象愛迪生每天是怎
樣工作20小時的。
It"s hard to say whether the plan is practical. 這個計(jì)劃是否實(shí)際很難說。
句型52 動名詞常用句型：
(1) ...have trouble/difficulty/a hard time/a difficult time (in) doing sth. (有困難做某事)
例：People from the two countries do not have any difficulty in
understanding each other.
來自那兩個國家的人們在相互理解上是沒有困難的。
(2) upon/on doing sth, 一……就……
例：Upon / On hearing the unexpected news, he was so surprised that he couldn"t say a word.
一聽到這個出乎意料的消息，他驚訝到說不出話來。
(3) There is no/some difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.
例：There is no difficulty in solving this social problem. 解決這個社會問題毫無困難。
(4) There is no need/use harm/hurry in doing sth
例：There is no need in sending such expensive present. 沒有必要送這樣貴重的禮物。
(5) spend some time/money (in) doing sth
They say children spend too much time chatting and playing games instead of focusing on their school work.
他們說孩子們花太多的時間在閑聊和玩游戲上，而不是集中在學(xué)習(xí)上。
(6) It"s no use / good/ worth doing sth
例：It’s no use talking with him. He won’t listen to you. 跟他談沒用，他不會聽你的。
(7) It"s a waste of time/money/energy doing
例：It"s a waste of time watching TV programme as this.
句型53 Not --- until 句型
(1) 陳述句 not --- until --- 直到……才
例：Last night I didn"t go to bed until 11 o"clock. 昨晚我11點(diǎn)鐘才睡覺。
(2) 強(qiáng)調(diào)句 It wasn"t until…that... 直到……才…….
例：It wasn"t until yesterday that I got your letter. 我直到昨天才收到你的來信.
(3) 倒裝句 Not until...did... 直到……才…….
Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.直到我開始工作,我才意識到我已蹉跎了很多歲月.
句型54 since 句型：
(1) Since + S + 過去式，S + 現(xiàn)在完成式
例句：Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard. 自從他上高中，他一直很用功。
(2) It is + --- + since S +持續(xù)性謂語動詞（表否定）
例：It is three years since she lived here. 她已三年不住這兒了。
(3) It is + --- + since S + 瞬間謂語動詞（表肯定） It is years since I stopped smoking）．我戒煙已經(jīng)數(shù)年了。
句型55 讓步狀語從句：
(1) Adj./n./adv. + as/ though+ Subject（主詞）+ be, S + V~~~ （雖然...）
例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.
雖然我們的國家富有，我們的生活品質(zhì)絕對令人不滿意。
(2) No matter what等特殊疑問詞... …無論什么…….
例句：No matter what happens, I"ll always stand by you. 不論發(fā)生什么事,我都永遠(yuǎn)支持你.
(3) However + adj/adv + S + V, 盡管……
例：You won"t be able to do it alone, however much you try. 不論你多努力，你一個人也做不來。
(4) whatever/whoever/whenever/wherever + S + V，無論什么/哪里……
例：Wherever I am I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都會想到你。
(5) whether … or not
例：Whether you like it or not, you"ll have to do it.不管你喜歡不喜歡，你必須做這件事。
(6) even if/though
例：Even if/Even though the exercise is very difficult, you must do it. 即使那練習(xí)很難，你都必須做。
句型56 違反常規(guī)的冠詞位置句型：
(1) so/as/that/too/how +adj. + a/an + n.
He is as good a student as you. 他和你一樣是個好學(xué)生。
This is too difficult a problem for me.對我來說這是一個太難的問題。
You can hardly imagine how clever a boy he is.你幾乎想象不到那孩子有多聰明。
(2) quite/rather/what/such/many + a/an +(adj) +n
She sang quite a beautiful song. 她的歌唱得很漂亮。
He was such a fool as to believe what she said.他是這樣的一個笨蛋以致于相信了她說的話。
(3) all/both/half/twice the + n
All the students in her class like her very much.她班上所有的學(xué)生都喜歡她。
句型57 表示最高級的句型：
(1) Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V
Nothing is + more + 形容詞 + than to + V
例：Nothing is more important than to receive education.沒有比接受教育更重要的事。
(2) no one (nobody, nothing)+so/as+原級＋as
例：Nobody is so blind as those who will not see.沒有人像那些視而不見的人如此的瞎了。
(3) 比較級＋than+any other +名詞單數(shù)
比較級＋than +anything(anyone)else
比較級＋than + any of the others
例：Bamboo probably has more uses than any other plant in the world.
(4) 否定詞 +比較級
例：It can’t be worse. 這是最糟的 I can’t agree any more.我非常同意。
(5) be the last ---- 例：This is the last thing I want to do. 這是我最不想干的事。
句型58 more --- than 句型：
(1) more --- than 與其……不如……
He is more lazy than slow at his work. = He is less slow than lazy at his work. 在工作上與其說他慢不如說他懶。
(2) more than 超過；不僅僅是；非常
These flags are more than just colorful pieces of cloth and thread sewn together. 這些旗子不只是不同顏色
的布料和絲線逢在一起。
(3) not more than 最多，不超過
例：They finished the project in not more than one year.在不超過一年的時間內(nèi)，他們完成了那項(xiàng)工程。
(4) no more than 僅僅 The officials could see no more than the Emperor.那些官員能看到的僅僅是皇帝。
句型59 形式賓語與賓語補(bǔ)語句型：
(1) 形式賓語代動詞不定式 例：I think it necessary to explore the space. 我認(rèn)為探索太空是有必要的。
(2) 形式賓語代從句
例：They found it strange that no one would take the money.他們感到很奇怪誰也不要這一筆錢。
(3) 過去分詞做賓語補(bǔ)語表示賓語被動的動作：例：I had my pen stolen. 我的筆被偷了。
(4) 現(xiàn)在分詞做賓語補(bǔ)語表示賓語正在進(jìn)行的動作。
例：They found her lying in bed reading a novel. 他們發(fā)現(xiàn)她躺在床上看小說。
(5) 以名詞（間或可用代詞）作賓語補(bǔ)足語：
例：In 1849, he went to England and made London the base for hisrevolutionary work.
1849年他到了英國，并且把倫敦作為他的革命工作的基地。
I think him an honest man.我認(rèn)為他是一個誠實(shí)的人。
(6) 介詞短語做賓語補(bǔ)語：如：例：I can"t find him in the office.我在辦公室外沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)他。
(7) What do you find the hardest in... 你覺得……最大的困難是什么
例句：What do you find the hardest in learning English 你覺得學(xué)英語最大的困難是什么
句型60特殊的條件句：
(1) Suppose/ Supposing ---, 假如……
例：Suppose/Supposing he is absent, what shall we do? 假如他缺席，我們怎么辦？
(2) On condition that只要……；如果……
例：I"ll come on condition that John is invited, too. 如果約翰也被邀請，我就來。
(3) provided (that)/ providing ----- 只要……
I will come provided (that) I am well enough. 只要我身體好，我一定來。
You may go out providing you do your homework first.只要你先做作業(yè)，你便可以外出。
(4) so/as long as
例：As/So long as you work hard, you"ll succeed in the end.只要你好好干，終究會成功的。
(5) 祈使句+and + 陳述句(表肯定）
Give him an inch and he’ll take a mile. (= If you give him an inch, he’ll take a mile. ) 他會得寸進(jìn)尺的。
(6) 祈使句+ or/otherwise +陳述句 (表否定）
例：Start at once, or / otherwise you’ll miss the train. (= If you don’t start at once, …)
(= Unless you start at once, you’ll miss the train.)立即動身，否則你會錯過那班火車的。
(7) …won"t...unless... 除非……否則我不會…….
例句：I won"t write to him unless he writes to me first. 我不會寫信給他的,除非他先寫給我.
句型61 特殊的比較句型：
(1) A differs from B in that…(A不同于B在于……)
例：She differs from her sister in the colour of her eyes.她眼睛的顏色跟她姐姐不同。
(2) ...varies from person to person(……是因人而異的)
例：The opinion of the problem varies from person to person.對這個問題的看法是因人而異的。
(3) A is superior(inferior) to B. A 優(yōu)越于B
例：The modal is technically superior to its competitors.這一款式在技術(shù)上優(yōu)越于與之競爭的產(chǎn)品。
Some consider digital TV to be superior to satellite TV.
(4) be different from
例：Its meaning can be completely different from the meaning of its components.
它的意思有時候跟它的合成的意思完全不一樣。
(5) be inferior to
例：Modern music is often considered inferior to that of the past.現(xiàn)代音樂常被人認(rèn)為不如過去的。
(6) A and B have sth in common. A 和B 有共同點(diǎn)。
例：The Japanese and Chinese cultures have a lot in common.日本與中國的文化具有許多相同點(diǎn)。
句型62 必須背誦的There be 句型：
(1) There is no immediate solution to the problem .對于這個問題沒有立即的解決的方案。
(2) There is no denying that + S + V ...（不可否認(rèn)的...）
例：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.
不可否認(rèn)的，我們的生活品質(zhì)已經(jīng)每況愈下。
(3) There is no doubt that... 毫無疑問,…….
例句：There is no doubt that health is better than wealth. 毫無疑問,健康勝于財(cái)富.
(4) There"s no point in... ……是無意義的.
例句：There"s no point in getting angry when things have happened. 對已發(fā)生的事生氣是沒有意義的.
(5) There"s no way... ……絕不可能.
例句：There"s no way one could succeed without hard work. 一個人不努力絕不可能成功.
(6) There is no one but ~~~ （沒有人不...）
例句：There is no one but longs to go to college.沒有人不渴望上大學(xué)。
(7)There is no need/use/harm/hurry in doing sth
例：There is no need in spending money mending the broken car.沒有必要花錢去修理那破車了。
There is no use in regretting when time passed by.時間過去了再后悔就沒有用了。
There is no harm in using the environmentally friendly products.用環(huán)保產(chǎn)品是沒有害處的。
There is no hurry in running to school for time is still enough.沒有必要匆匆忙忙上學(xué)校，因?yàn)闀r間還充足呢。
(8) There no/some difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth
例：There is no trouble in selling our car. 我們毫不費(fèi)力地賣了我們的車。
句型63 time 句型：
(1) the first time 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句
例：I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her. 第一次我見到她時，覺得她很誠實(shí)。
(2) (the) next time 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句
例：The harvest will have been got in (the) next time you come.你下次來時，莊稼已收好了。
(3) the last time 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句
例：What was the name of the hotel he had stayed in the last time he was in Cairo?
他上次來開羅時往的那家旅館叫什么來著？
(4) each time/every time 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句
Every time you get back at night, you drop your shoes on the floor.每次夜間回來，你總是把你的靴子朝地上一扔。
(5) It is ／was the first／last／second ／third time ＋從句（完成時態(tài)）
例：This is the first time I have been here 這是我第一次到這兒。
(6)It is high time that sb did (should do) sth 該……的時候了。
例句：It is high time that we went to the classroom. 該我們進(jìn)教室的時候了。
(7) by the time + 從句 就在……時候；到……時候?yàn)橹?/span>
例：We"ll be ready by the time you get back. 你回來的時候，我們將準(zhǔn)備好了。
(8) It"s time for sb to do sth 例：It’s time for me to log off. 我該關(guān)機(jī)/下線了。
(9) It"s time for sth 例：It"s time for lunch. 午餐的時間到了。
句型64 幾種重要的表語從句句型：
(1) The point is that ... 重點(diǎn)/關(guān)鍵是…….
The point is that you have to keep your promise to help her with her English. 關(guān)鍵是你得遵守諾言,幫她學(xué)習(xí)英語.
(2) The chance is that … 有可能…… 例：The chance is that he will succeed. 他很有可能成功。
(3) The fact is that … 事實(shí)是……
例：The fact is that he hasn’t yet recover from illness. 事實(shí)是他還沒有康復(fù)呢。
(4) The problem/question is that … 問題是……
例：The question is whether we should ask them for help.問題是我們是否應(yīng)該向他請求幫助。
(5)That is ---
例：That is where Lu Xun used to live. 這是魯迅過去住過的地方。
句型65 so/such that句型
(1) so that （引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句）結(jié)果……
例：We were late so that the teacher was angry. 我們遲到，使得教師生氣了。
(2) so that = in order that （目的狀語從句）以便，為了
例：I hurried so that I wouldn"t be late for class．為了上課不遲到，我匆忙起來。
In order that he should not be late, his mother woke him at 6.為了使他不致遲到，他母親在6點(diǎn)鐘叫醒了他。
(3) so +形容詞+（或a/an+ 名詞）+that 如此……以致于……
例：I"ve been working so hard recently that I haven"t had any time for collecting new stamps.
我近來一直很忙，沒時間搜集新郵票。
(4) such +名詞（或an/a+形容詞 + 名詞）+--- that
It is such an unusual work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it這是一個異乎尋常的藝術(shù)作品，人人都想看一看。
句型70 表示“也、同樣”的句型
(1) too 用于肯定 例：I like the book, too. 我也喜歡這本書。
(2) also 用于陳述句 例：She also speaks a little Italian. 她也會說一點(diǎn)意大利語。
(3) either 用于否定句 例：Peter can"t go and I can"t either. Peter 不能去，我也不能。
(4) so 用于肯定的倒裝句
例：You speak English well, so does he. 你的英語講得很好，他講得也不錯。.
(5) neither/nor 用于否定的倒裝句
例：I have never heard of such a thing, Neither has she.我從來沒有聽說這件事，她也沒有。
Tom didn’t finish his homework. Nor did Jane.湯姆沒有完成作業(yè)，Jane 也沒有。
(6) as well 用于句末 例：He knows German as well. 他也懂德語。
(7) so it is/was with = so it is/was the same with 用于包含不同種類的動詞
Jack is a student and studies in China. So it is with Green. Jack是一個學(xué)生，在中國學(xué)習(xí)， Green也是如此。
(8) The same is true of……，
The music is dull and uninspiring, and the same is true of the acting. 那音樂單調(diào)，缺少激情；那表演也是如此。
(9) The same can be said of…… (……也是如此).
例：The same can be said of our country, also a developing one.我們的國家也是如此，一個發(fā)展中國家。
句型71 幾種重要的同位語從句：
(1) 由where 引導(dǎo)
例：The suggestion where we should build our new factory should be considered.
那個我們應(yīng)該在哪兒建造廠房的建議應(yīng)該給予考慮。
(2) 由what引導(dǎo) 例：I have no idea what he did. 我不知道他做了什么。
(3) 由whether 引導(dǎo)
例：The question whether he’ll attend the meeting is not decided. 他是否會參加會議這個問題還沒決定。
(4) 由who引導(dǎo)。 The question who will go abroad needs considering. 誰將去國外這個問題需要考慮。
(5) 由when 引導(dǎo) I have no idea when they will be back and settle down.我不知道他們什么時候回來定居。
(6) 由that 引導(dǎo)
例：The suggestion that the students should have plenty of exercise is very good.
學(xué)生應(yīng)該有很多練習(xí)，這個建議不錯。
(7) 由how 引導(dǎo)
例：He can’t answer the question how he got the money. 他是怎樣得到那錢的，他不能回答這個問題。
(8) 由why 引導(dǎo)
We don’t understand the problem why this is the best choice.我搞不懂這個問題，為什么這是最好的選擇。
句型72 with復(fù)合賓語句型
(1) with + n + adj. 例：He stared at me with his mouth open. 他張著嘴凝視著我。
(2) with + n + adv 例：The boy stood there, with his head down. 這男孩低著頭站在那。
(3) with + n + 介詞短語 例：He stood with his hand in his pocket. 他站著，一手插在衣袋里。
(4) with + n + 動詞不定式
例：With no one to talk to, John felt miserable. 由于沒有可談話的人，John覺得很悲傷。
(5) with + n + 現(xiàn)在分詞
例：With prices going up so fast, we can"t afford luxuries. 由于物價(jià)迅猛上漲，我們買不起高當(dāng)商品。
(6) with + n + 過去分詞 例：With her eyes fixed on the opposite wall, she did not answer immediately.
她的眼睛盯著對面的墻壁，她沒有立即回答。
句型73 have 復(fù)合賓語句型：
(1) have sb do sth 例：I won"t have you say such things. 我絕不會讓你說這樣的話。
(2) have sb doing
She will have you doing all the housework if you are"re not carefully.如果你再不小心的話，她就讓你做全部家務(wù)。
(3) have sth done 例：I have my hair cut every six weeks. 我每六個星期剪一次頭。
句型74 幾個重要的目的狀語從句句型：
(1) in case He left early in case he should miss the last train. 他動身得早，以免誤了最后一班火車。
(2) for fear (that) 例：He handled the instrument with care for fear (that) it should be damaged.
他小心翼翼地?cái)[弄那儀器，以防把它弄壞。
(3) so that
Let’s take the front seats so that we can see more clearly.讓我們坐到前面的座位上，以便能看得更清楚些。
(4) in order that 例：He got up very early so that/in order that he might/could catch the early bus.
為了趕上早班車，他起了個大早。
句型75 幾個難掌握的主語從句和賓語從句
(1) You may take whatever(=anything/everything that)you like.你喜歡什么就拿什么。
(2) You may take whichever(=any) seat you like. 你想坐哪個位置就坐哪個位置。
(3) Whoever(=Anyone who) cuts the trees down must be punished. 任何一個砍樹的人都必須受到懲罰。
(4) You may give the note to whomever(=anyone whom) you meet at the office.
你可以把條子給你在辦公室看到的任何一個人。
句型76 使用現(xiàn)在完成時和過去完成時的常用句型：
(1) since句型：主句用完成時
例：My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949.從1949年，我嬸嬸就一直在一家診所工作。
(2) since when +完成時
例：Since when have you planted so many young trees? 從什么時候你種植了這么多小樹的？
(3) This/it is the first (third...) time sb have done sth
例：This is the first time I have been here.這是我第一次到這兒。
(4) by… （到……為止）到過去某個時候?yàn)橹褂眠^去完成時，到現(xiàn)在為止
用現(xiàn)在完成時，到將來某個時候?yàn)橹褂脤硗瓿蓵r。
例：She will have finished the book by my next birthday.到我下一個生日為止，我將完成那本書。
By eleven o"clock yesterday, we had arrived at the airport.到昨天十一點(diǎn)止我們就已經(jīng)到達(dá)機(jī)場了。
但比較：By the time the speaker entered the hall, all the listeners were seated.
就在主講者進(jìn)入大廳的時候，所有的聽眾都坐好了。
(5) in the past time( two days/years...) +完成時
例：In the past 10 years, there have been great changes in our family life.
在過去的十年里，我們的家庭生活發(fā)生了很大的變化。
(6) hardly ... when.... (no sooner ... than)句型用過去完成時
例：Hardly had I reached the school when the bell rang. 我一到學(xué)校，鈴子就響了。
No sooner had we sat down at the table than the phone rang.我們剛坐到桌子旁邊電話就響了。
(7) 未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望打算等等用過去完成時
例：I had thought I could pass the final examination but I failed.
句型77 幾種特殊的狀語從句句型：
(1) everywhere 引導(dǎo)
Everywhere they went, they were kindly received / warmly welcomed. 他們每到一處就收到熱烈的歡迎。
(2) anywhere 引導(dǎo)
例：We’ll go anywhere the Party directs us.黨指向哪我們就去哪。
(3) the way 引導(dǎo)
例：She is doing her work the way I like it done. 她在用她喜歡的方法做她的工作。
(4) like 引導(dǎo)
The landlord was watching him like (= just as) a cat watches a mouse.那地主監(jiān)視著他就像貓監(jiān)視老鼠一樣。
(5) immediately引導(dǎo)
例：I didn’t wait a moment, but came immediately you called. 我一刻也沒停留，你一打電話我就來的。
句型78 有關(guān)it的幾個特殊句型 ：
(1) owe it to sb. that…把…歸功于…
例：I owe it to you that I finished my work in time.虧你幫忙，我才及時完成了工作。
(2) take it for granted that …想當(dāng)然
例：I take it for granted that they will support this idea. 我認(rèn)為他們會支持這個提議是理所當(dāng)然的。
(3) keep it in mind that…
例：It must be kept in mind that there is no secret of success but hard work.
一定要記住的是成功的秘密是努力的工作。
(4) It can be seen from the statistics that ...從這個統(tǒng)計(jì)可看出……
It can be seen from the statistics that exercise is good for us. 從這個統(tǒng)計(jì)可以看出，練習(xí)對我們是有好處的。
(5). It用在不能直接跟賓語從句的動詞后面，尤其是表示好惡的動詞后，
enjoy, like, love, dislike, resent, hate, don"t mind, be fond of, feel like, see to, appreciate, stand 賓語從
句緊跟it之后
例 I hate it you can swim so well and I can"t. 我妒嫉你游泳那么好，而我不能。
I would appreciate it if you call me back this evening. 如果你晚上給我回電話,我會非常感激.
I can"t stand it when people talk with their mouth full. 我無法忍受別人說話的時候滿嘴食物.
(6). It用在不能直接跟賓語從句的介詞后面，賓語從句緊跟it之后（except that例外）
例：I"m for it that you will follow their advice.我贊成你采納他們的意見。
(7) It must be pointed out that 必須指出的是
It must be pointed out that it is one of our basic State policies to control population growth while raising the
quality of the population. 一定要指出的是國家基本政策之一是在提高人口質(zhì)量的同時控制人口增長。
(8) It has been proved that… 有人已經(jīng)證實(shí)……
例：It has been proved that his theory is right.已經(jīng)證明，他的理論是對的。
句型79 列舉、說明句型：
(1) on the one hand --- ; on the other hand
(2) For one thing ---; for another thing ---
例：For one thing, these shoes don"t suit you. For another, they are too expensive.
一方面,這雙鞋子并不適合你;另一方面,這太貴了.
(3) It is one thing to...; it is another to... 做這件事是一回事；做那件事是另一回事
(4) what"s more ---; morever ---; furthermore ---
(5) Firstly ---; secondly ---; finally ---
(6) In the first place ---; in the second place ---
(7)First of all/to begin with ---; in addition/besides ---
句型80 總結(jié)句型：
(1) Through the above analysis(分析)
例：Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects outweigh the negative ones.
通過以上分析，我認(rèn)為積極因素大于消極因素。
(2) To sum up,總而言之, …
例：To sum up, there are three ways of solving the problems. 決而言之，解決這個問題的方法有三條。
(3) In short... 總之……
例：In short, the students have not arrived at any agreement yet. 總之，學(xué)生們還沒有達(dá)成一致的意見。
(4) In a word , it is clear that… 總之，很明顯……
例：In a word, it is clear that smoking does harm to our health. 總之，很明顯，抽煙對我們健康有害。
(5) On account of this we can find that … 由此我們可以知道…
例：On account of this we can find that it is not suitable for middle school students to have cell phones.
由此我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)中學(xué)生持有手機(jī)是不合適的。
(6) In conclusion … 結(jié)論之, …
In conclusion, we must take into account this problem rationally and place more emphases on peasants’ lives.
結(jié)論之，我們必須理性地考慮這個問題，對農(nóng)民的生活應(yīng)給予更多的重視。
(7) All in all, it is obvious that …..總之，很明顯……
例：All in all, it is obvious that the government should set up different kinds of schools to meet the demands
of different children.總之，很明顯，政府應(yīng)該建立多種不同的學(xué)校去滿足不同孩子的需要。
(8) From what has been discussed above/taking into account all these factors, we may safely arrive
at/draw/come to/reach the conclusion that ...
從以上所討論的東西來看/考慮到所有這些因素，我們完全可以得出這樣的結(jié)論……
例：From what has been discussed above/taking into account all these factors, we may safely arrive
at/draw/come to/reach the conclusion that the leisure life-style is undergoing a decline with the progress of
modern society, it is not necessary a bad thing.
從以上所討論的東西來看/考慮到所有這些因素，我們完全可以得出這樣的結(jié)論，隨著現(xiàn)代社會的
進(jìn)步，閑暇的生活方式正在減少，這未必是一件壞事。
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